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I. Evidence from Top International Journals

1. The Lancet 2025 OPENS-2 Trial (Multicenter RCT)

• Sample Size: 473 patients (26 centers in China)

• Effectiveness: The 90-day mRS score (functional recovery) of the hyperbaric oxygen group was significantly better than that of the control group (OR=1.65, P=0.018)

• Safety: No additional serious adverse reactions, mortality was not different from the control group

• Conclusion: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy combined with endovascular treatment significantly improves the 90-day functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke!

• Data Highlights:

2. Sci Rep 2025 Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial (PMID: 40011516)

• Conclusion: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy significantly improves persistent symptoms after brain injury (headache, anxiety, sleep disorders)!

II. Recommendations from Authoritative Guidelines and Consensus

1. American Heart Association (AHA)/American Stroke Association (ASA) Guidelines

• Recommendation Level: Class Ⅱa (Conditional recommendation)

• Applicable Scenarios: Cognitive impairment after stroke, persistent vegetative state

2. European Stroke Organization (ESO) Guidelines

• Basis: Hyperbaric oxygen can improve cerebral blood flow and reduce inflammatory reactions, especially applicable to hypoxic brain injury

3. Consensus on "Indications and Contraindications of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy" by the Hyperbaric Oxygen Branch of the Chinese Medical Association (2018 Edition)

III. Classic Mechanism Research

1. Penumbra Protection Theory (Stroke and Neurological Diseases)

• Core Mechanism: Hyperbaric oxygen increases blood oxygen partial pressure to rescue ischemic penumbra neurons and reduce infarct size

2. Neurorepair and Anti-inflammatory Effects (Neuroscience)

• Anti-inflammatory: Inhibits the release of pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-1β

• Angiogenesis Promotion: Accelerates the speed of new blood vessel formation

IV. Clinical Efficacy Data

1. Functional Recovery in Stroke Patients

• NIHSS Score: The hyperbaric oxygen group had a 40% reduction in score at 21 days after treatment (compared to 25% in the conventional treatment group)

• Activities of Daily Living: The Barthel Index increased by 50% in the hyperbaric oxygen group (compared to 30% in the control group)

2. Awakening Effects

• Comatose Patients: The awakening rate with hyperbaric oxygen combined with rehabilitation therapy is higher than with rehabilitation alone

V. Safety Data from Authoritative Sources

• Absolute and Relative Contraindications

Summary

• Core Effects: Improving hypoxia, reducing infarction, awakening promotion, anti-inflammation

• Wide Range of Applicable Populations: In addition to primary indications such as traumatic brain injury, hyperbaric oxygen therapy is also recommended for secondary indications like the recovery phase of stroke and hypoxic coma! (Data sources: Hyperbaric Oxygen Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, The Lancet OPENS-2 trial, Sci Rep double-blind study, AHA/ASA guidelines, top neuroscience journals)